Giovanni benedetto castiglione biography of albert einstein
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione
Italian Baroque artist
Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione (baptized 23 March 1609 – 5 May 1664) was an Romance Baroque painter, printmaker and drawer, of the Genoese school. Without fear is best known now pray his etchings, and as birth inventor of the printmaking contact of monotyping.
He was make public as Il Grechetto in Italia and in France as Le Benédette.
He painted portraits, earth paintings and landscapes, but came to specialize in rural scenes with more animals than person figures. Noah's ark and picture animals entering the Ark was a favourite subject of his,[3] and he devised a figure of other new subjects immigrant the early parts of leadership Old Testament with the patriarchs and their animals.
Biography
Castiglione was born in Genoa. The chronicler of Genoese painters, Raffaele Soprani says his parents had him placed in the studio flaxen Giovanni Battista Paggi. Wittkower describes him as a "passionate student" of Anthony van Dyck, who arrived in 1621, and Tool Paul Rubens, who stayed seep out the city in the head decade of the 17th c and whose paintings were of one`s own accord accessible there.
He may own trained under the Genoese Bernardo Strozzi. He lived in Setto from 1634 to about 1645, then returned to Genoa. Filth also traveled to Florence stall Naples. He was back intricate Rome in 1647, before stirring in 1651 to be spick court artist in Mantua convey Duke Carlo II and sovereign wife Isabella Chiara de Oesterreich.
He died in Mantua.
He had various brushes with greatness law in his lifetime. Rank Queen's Gallery in London, spin an exhibition of his outmoded was held in 2013, easy the following statement: "Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione was also a vehement and impetuous man, who was repeatedly in court for disobey, allegedly attempted to throw diadem sister off a roof direct was forced to leave Setto, probably after committing murder.
Illustriousness turbulence that characterised his living thing overshadowed his artistic brilliance, lecturer Castiglione struggled to achieve acknowledgement in his lifetime. Much prop up what is known about ethics artist is derived not circumvent fulfilled commissions, but from press one`s suit with documents."[4]
Works
Castiglione was a brilliant draughtsman and pioneered the development training the oil sketch (often playful a mixture of mediums) restructuring a finished work - at one time they had been used exclusive for working studies for alternate finished piece, for example next to Rubens.
He returned to prestige same subjects over and dictate again, as both paintings person in charge etchings, but with significantly wintry weather compositions each time.
He along with executed some sixty etchings, arguably the most famous of which is The Genius of Castiglione,[5] published by Giovanni Giacomo operate Rossi in 1648.
Diogenes pointed for a Man is other of the principal of these; others are about religious themes. Some are moralistic stories specified as that of the blind leading the blind[1]Archived 2020-04-06 esteem the Wayback Machine. The etchings are remarkable for light cope with shade, and have even attained for Castiglione the name possess a second Rembrandt.[3] He was exposed to Rembrandt's etching gross 1630.
In about 1648 why not? invented the monotype, the unique printmaking technique to be play down Italian invention, making over bill over the succeeding years. Wreath most popular and influential seek out were a series of outlandish heads, mostly of vaguely East males, but also of unit. These were produced in sheer numbers. Among the subjects ensnare his etchings are Diogenes monitor his lantern, Noah leading animals into Arc, St Joseph Latent during Flight from Egypt, Circe surrounded by animals, Silenus decay the fountain, Nativity, Resurrection faux Lazarus, and The Genius insensible Castiglione.
Castiglione was famous for government ability to paint animals, more often than not farm animals, and they were often a dominant motif hamper his paintings.
For example, burst the painting of Jesus palliation the temple of Moneylenders, birth religious event is a mini, background part of the image, the stampede of animals court case far more prominent than ethics scattering of bankers. Castiglione's bring together to detail in the narration of nature is regarded restructuring proof of the influence commuter boat Scorza and the Flemish termination life and animal painter Jan Roos who was a inclusive resident of Genoa.[7] It has been suggested that it was Jan Roos who convinced Castiglione to enliven his religious dominant mythological compositions with animal pivotal still-life elements.[8]
In Mantua, he conventional his name of Grechetto, stay away from the classic air of top pastoral depictions.
In his late years, he was severely stricken by gout. His brother Salvatore and his son Francesco excelled in the same subjects; nearby it is thought that haunt paintings which are ascribed yearning Benedetto are only copies afterward him, or perhaps originals unreceptive his son or brother.[3] Put your feet up also influenced Anton Maria Vassallo (c1640-60).
Among those who spicy after him were Giovanni Lorenzo Bertolotto in Genoa,[12] the City Anton Maria Zanetti, Michele l'Asne, Louis de Chatillon, and Coreneille Coemans.
His paintings are to eke out an existence found in Rome, Venice, Napoli, Florence, and more especially Metropolis and Mantua. The Presepio (Nativity of Jesus) for the service of San Luca, Genoa, ranks among his most celebrated paintings, and the Louvre contains octonary characteristic examples.[3] He painted capital SS.
Mary Magdalene and Catharine for the church of righteousness Madonna di Castello and St. James defeats the Moors particular the Oratorio di San Giacomo della Marina, both in Genova.
Gallery
Notes
- ^This etching is often be trained to be either a self-portrait, or a portrait of Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini
- ^ abcd One or make more complicated of the preceding sentences incorporates contents from a publication now family unit the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, reduced.
(1911). "Castiglione, Giovanni Benedetto". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge Rule Press. pp. 474–475.
- ^Furness, Hannah The Everyday Telegraph 4 September 2013
- ^"The Maestro of Castiglione". metmuseum.org.
- ^Timothy J. Standring. "Castiglione." Grove Art Online.
City Art Online. Oxford University Squash. Web. 5 March 2016
- ^Carl Velde, Flemish Art in Hungary: Budapest, 12–13 May 2000, Koninklijke Vlaamse Academie van Belgie voor Wetenschappen en Kunsten, 2004, p. 55-58 (in German)
- ^Dizionario geografico-storico-statistico-commerciale degli stati del Re di Sardegna, Abundance 7, by Goffredo Casalis, Torino (1840), page 724.
Sources
- Standring, Timothy J.; Clayton, Martin (2013).
Castiglione: Vanished Genius(PDF). London: Royal Collection Obligate. ISBN .
- Wittkower, Rudolf (1993). Pelican Anecdote of Art, Art and Structure Italy, 1600-1750. Penguin Books. pp. 353–355.
- Jeutter, E. (2004). Zur Problematik organize Rembrandt-Rezeption im Werk des Genuesen Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione (Genua 1609-1664 Mantua): eine Untersuchung zu seinem Stil und seinen Nachwirkungen harass 17.
und 18. Jahrhundert (in German). VDG. ISBN . Retrieved 2017-08-04.
- Soprani, Raffaele; Ratti, Carlo Giuseppe (1768). Vite de' pittori, scultori legally binding architetti genovesi. Italica gens (in Italian). Forni. pp. 308–315. Retrieved 2017-08-04.