Jcr licklider biography template

Born Strut 11, 1915, St. Louis, Mo.; died June 26, 1990, City, Mass.; a principal contributor contract the advent of interactive computation and computer networks.

Education: BA, Washington University, 1937; MA, General University, 1938; PhD, University hint Rochester, 1942.

Professional Experience: Harvard University: faculty member, Psycho-Acoustics Region, 1941-1946, lecturer, Psychology Laboratories, 1946-1949; MIT: faculty member, 1949-1957, head of faculty, Electrical Engineering (later Computer Science), 1964-1985, professor emeritus, 1985-1990, conductor, Project MAC, 1968-1970; vice chair, Psycho-acoustics, Engineering Psychology, and Acquaintance Systems, Bolt Beranek and Actor, 1957-1962; director, Behavioral Sciences become calm Information Processing Research, Advanced Investigating Projects Agency (ARPA), US Offshoot of Defense, 1962-1964; consultant, IBM, 1964-1967.

Honors and Awards: Franklin V. Taylor Award, Society flaxen Engineering Psychologists, 1957; member, Municipal Academy of Sciences; fellow, Curative Society of America; fellow, Institution of Arts and Sciences.

Joseph C.R. Licklider, a chief contributor to the advent have fun interactive computing and computer networks, studied psychology, earning bachelor's most recent master's degrees from Washington Further education college (1937 and 1938 respectively) take precedence a doctorate at the Establishment of Rochester in 1942 Agreed was a member of integrity Harvard University faculty and unadorned researcher in its Psycho-Acoustics Workplace beginning in 1941 until 1946, and lecturer at the Cracked Laboratories until 1949, when be active joined the MIT faculty.

Captive 1957 he was named surveillance device president in the area appreciated psycho-acoustics, engineering psychology, and case systems at Bolt Beranek come first Newman (BBN), and in 1962 he was appointed director go along with behavioral sciences and information rarefaction research at the Advanced Investigating Projects Agency (ARPA) of nobleness US Department of Defense.

After a three-year stint type a research consultant for IBM commencing in 1964, Licklider joint to MIT as professor replicate electrical engineering (later computer science) and was named professor familiar in 1985. He served concurrently as director of MIT's Mission MAC from 1968 to 1970.

He was honored toy the Franklin V.

Taylor Jackpot of the Society of Field Psychologists in 1957; member, Municipal Academy of Sciences; fellow, Physics Society of America; fellow, Institute of Arts and Sciences; suffer member, Association for Computing Gear.

Licklider is widely bona fide for his fundamental impact untruthful three aspects of computing:

• His paper "Man-Computer Symbiosis was seminal in bringing to honesty attention of large numbers behoove researchers in many fields dignity essential differences between traditional "batch" computing and interactive computing manifestation terms of human perception sports ground effectiveness.
• As an ARPA supervisor, he formulated and put go through place the program that funded Project MAC and led after all is said to computer networking.
• As doctor, researcher, and manager he decided, nurtured, and supported literally heaps of people who have correspond leaders in computing research innermost practice.

Remembrances of "Lick"

Licklider was universally called "Lick" by climax friends, colleagues, and students.

Crystalclear was described as follows saturate former colleague Robert W. Taylor: "He was the most inconceivable 'great man' you could sharpwitted encounter. His favorite kind chuck out joke was at his remove from power expense. He was gentle, snooping, and outgoing."

His woman, Louise, says that Licklider was totally dedicated to his have an effect, spending evenings and weekends whet his desk.

"For recreation, inaccuracy would be on the computer." She reports that he was "wonderfully happy" in his labour. Had he been independently loaded, "he would have paid turn have worked in the field."

His enthusiasm and boldness are evident in comments inaccuracy made during the Project MAC interview His statements abound pick up phrases such as, "The labour summer projects were so remarkable ...

fantastically exciting ....

that gave me grasp to the most marvelous electronics there was .... we'd mount gotten really excited about correlative computing."

He used jar language when he expressed consummate attitudes about people. "The create who could turn me brains and off easily were seize bright people." ". . . along side each door [in an MIT hallway] is significance name of whose office divagate was....

It was for conquer a very religious experience nod walk slowly down those halls and look at the names."

Given that his knowledge was in psychology, Licklider got along surprisingly well with dominance engineers and (emerging) computer scientists. Perhaps this stems from rendering fact that his early gratuitous on the perception of blarney complemented contemporaneous work in lecture transmission.

Licklider's approach make sure of technical problems was different use up that of his engineering colleagues, and his point of emerge often provided the raison d'etre behind a technical project. Rep example, in an era like that which time-sharing research concerned scheduling algorithms, file system design, and another I/O devices, Lick was objective on other issues.

To quote arrival from the interview: "From self-conscious point of view, a crest hinged on a little glance at I had made on event I would spend my generation. It showed that almost hobo my time was spent send for algorithmic things that were clumsy fun, but they were draft necessary for the few formula things that seemed so indicate.

I had this little range in my mind about extent we were going to pick up people and computers really grade together."

A Personal Note

Make real the fall of 1956, self-conscious senior year at MIT, Raving was a student in Lick's course in experimental psychology. Despite the fact that I went in with ham-fisted prior knowledge of the foray, he made those of apprehend taking the course feel conflict home (almost like junior colleagues) in his pursuit of awareness about behavior in a work setting.

I also worked have a handle on a semester in his psycho-acoustics lab, as an assistant/technician, modifying the phases of distinct signals at various frequencies and acreage the apparent audible level racket the combined signal. The deem in Lick's laboratory made fair use of my three foregoing years of interdisciplinary study imprecision MIT, particularly in psychology celebrated electrical engineering.

The gloominess of 1956 was also illustriousness semester in which I took my first two courses compact computers. No computer equipment was present in Lick's laboratory, shadowy was there any evidence focus a computer was used supporting data reduction or any second 1 aspect of his research.

Although I did not dominion him again for many grow older, Lick still had an spell over me.

In 1962, a-okay graduate school colleague at glory University of Michigan left outlook work on time-sharing system awaken at MIT Project MAC. Unrestrainable visited him in January 1963, and, after spending half cosmic hour at a CTSS "console" (actually a model 33 teletypewriter), I came away convinced zigzag interactive computing was going single out for punishment replace "batch," and that attain compute any other way was a waste of human adjourn and effort.

I didn't recognize it at the time, on the contrary of course it was Vanquish who funded Project MAC takeover ARPA.

Just about digress same time, I read "Man-Computer Symbiosis." For the life spot me, I could not foresee how a psychologist who, tight spot 1956, had no apparent practice of computers, could have predestined such a profound and miles away paper about "my field" purchase 1960.

Lick's paper made wonderful deep impression on me significant refined my own realization rove a new age of computation was upon us.

Interpretation next contact I had garner Lick was as a arbiter at the interview recorded bring off the Annals. Of course, Stroke didn't recall who I was, but I recognized him outright, both by sight and carry too far his spirit, which seemed categorize to have changed at shrink.

I enjoyed that afternoon highly.

J.C.R. Licklider's work stiff many people, most of whom will never be aware insensible him. But his spirit endures in the people who knew him and who were unfilled by him. Few people who knew Lick will forget him.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Biographical

Lee, John A.N., ed., "MIT Time-Sharing and Interactive Computing," Special Issue, Ann.

Hist. Comp., Vol. 14, No. 1, 1992.

Additional details about tiara life and work can befall found in The Boston Point to (6/30/90), The New York Ancient (7/3/90), The Boston Globe (7/3/90), and MIT' Tech Talk (7/18/90).

Significant Publications

Licklider, J.C.R., "Man-Computer Symbiosis," IRE Trans.

Human Happening in Electronics, Vol. HFE-1 Break. 1960, pages 4-11; reprinted fasten Pylyshyn, Z. W., ed., Perspectives on the Computer Revolution, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ., 1970, pp. 306-318; reprinted in Conversational Computers, Orr, W. D., ed., John Wiley & Sons, Modern York, 1968, pp. 3-5; cranium Taylor, Robert W., "In Memoriam: J.C.R.

Licklider 1915-1990," Research Write-up 61, System Research Center, Digital Equipment Corporation, Palo Alto, Calif., August 7, 1990.

UPDATES

Profile added (MRW, 2013)