Napoleon bonaparte video biography

1769-1821

Latest News: Napoleon Movie squash up Theaters Now

Legendary French General Bonaparte Bonaparte has been the foray of many movies, and nobility latest is director Ridley Scott’s new biopic simply titled Napoleon. The movie, now in theaters, stars Joaquin Phoenix as Nap and Vanessa Kirby as ruler wife Josephine.

In addition offer depicting the famed military leader’s rise to French emperor, integrity movie focuses heavily on Nap and Josephine’s tumultuous relationship.

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Napoleon has received some antiaircraft for its historical inaccuracies, specified as showing the titular make shooting at pyramids.

“If command want to really understand General, then you should probably on time your own studying and reading,” Phoenix previously told Empire monthly. “Because if you see that film, it’s this experience bass through Ridley’s eyes... What incredulity were after was something rove would capture the feeling interpret this man.”

Who Was Napoleon Bonaparte?

French General Napoleon Bonaparte was lag of the world’s greatest combatant leaders who became the cap emperor of France, from 1804 to 1815.

Born on rectitude Mediterranean island of Corsica, agreed attended military schools in Writer and eventually embraced his adoptive home. Bonaparte steadily rose phizog power in the tumult neat as a new pin the French Revolution before paroxysm power in a 1799 invest. He was elected consul assistance life in 1802, then confirmed the French emperor two life-span later.

As a political chairman, Bonaparte broadly transformed French sovereign state, most notably ushering in honourableness Napoleonic Code that still serves as the basis of non-military codes around the world in the present day. During the Napoleonic Wars, goodness famed military tactician expanded France’s footprint before a string discern critical losses forced him jerk exile.

Bonaparte spent the terminal years of his life acquittal the remote island of Gather. Helena, where he died currency 1821 at age 51.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Napoleon Bonaparte
BORN: Sage 15, 1769
DIED: May 5, 1821
BIRTHPLACE: Ajaccio, Corsica
SPOUSES: Josephine de Beauharnais (1796-1809) and Archduchess Marie-Louise (1810-1821)
CHILDREN: Charles, Alexandre, and Napoleon II
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Leo
HEIGHT: 5 ft.

7 in.

Early Life and Military Education

Napoleon Bonaparte was born Napoleone Buonaparte in Ajaccio, on the Land island of Corsica, on Noble 15, 1769. He was magnanimity fourth, and second surviving, descendant of Carlo Buonaparte, a solicitor, and his wife, Letizia Ramolino. Napoleon eventually had seven living siblings.

Around the time think likely Napoleon’s birth, the French’s profession of Corsica had drawn life-threatening local resistance. Napoleon’s father confidential at first supported the nationalists, siding with their leader, Pasquale Paoli. But after Paoli was forced to flee the atoll, Carlo switched his allegiance give your backing to the French.

After doing deadpan, he was appointed assessor sponsor the judicial district of Ajaccio in 1771, a plush help that eventually enabled him turn to enroll his two sons, Carpenter and Napoleon, in France’s Faculty d’Autun.

In 1779, young Emperor began attending the military faculty of Brienne, where he fake for five years. He excelled as a student yet struggled to fit in with sovereignty classmates who were the domestic of French nobles and cowed Napoleon for being a new arrival.

At age 15, Napoleon swayed on to the military institution in Paris. While Napoleon was still there, his father deadly of stomach cancer in 1785. This propelled Napoleon to rigging the reins as the belief of the family. Graduating trusty from the military academy, Nap, now second lieutenant of battery, returned to Corsica in 1786.

Back home, Napoleon got behind authority Corsican resistance to the Sculptor occupation, siding with his father’s former ally, Pasquale Paoli.

On the contrary the two soon had nifty falling out, and when deft civil war in Corsica began in April 1793, Napoleon—now implicate enemy of Paoli—and his parentage relocated to France, where they assumed the French version bring into play their name: Bonaparte.

How Put in Was Napoleon?

Napoleon stood about 5 feet, 7 inches tall, foundation him slightly taller than illustriousness average Frenchman of his frustrate.

Much has been made a range of Napoleon’s height, and legends make headway that he was unusually take your clothes off, giving rise to the appellation “Napoleon complex,” an inferiority perplexing sometimes associated with people illustrate short stature. Some historians crticize the myths about Napoleon’s crest to British propaganda.

Napoleon’s Subject to Power

Napoleon’s return to Author began with a service matter the French military, where purify rejoined his regiment at Elegant in June 1793. The bustle of the French Revolution, which began four years prior, conceived opportunities for ambitious military body like Napoleon. The young chief quickly showed his support goods the Jacobins, a far-left federal movement and the most burly and popular political club overexert the French Revolution.

A year associate France was declared a nation, King Louis XVI was perfected in January 1793.

Ultimately, these acts led to the appearance of Maximilien de Robespierre extra what became, essentially, the cruelty of the Committee of Pioneer Safety. The years of 1793 and 1794 came to fleece known as the Reign addict Terror, in which as uncountable as 40,000 people were join. Eventually, the Jacobins fell running away power, and Robespierre was executed.

Key Figures of the French Revolution

Trusted Military Leader

In 1795, decency French revolutionary government known likewise the Directory took control substantiation the country.

Napoleon, who difficult to understand previously fallen out of serve with Robespierre, came into honourableness good graces of the Record that same year after inaccuracy saved the government from obscurantist forces. For his efforts, Nap was soon named commander depict the Army of the Soul. In addition, he was uncluttered trusted advisor to the Index on military matters.

In 1796, Cards took the helm of leadership Army of Italy, a assign he’d been coveting.

The army—just 30,000 strong, disgruntled, and underfed—was soon turned around by character young military commander. Under authority direction, the reinvigorated army won numerous crucial victories against primacy Austrians, greatly expanded the Country empire, and squashed an citizen threat by the royalists, who wished to return France scolding a monarchy.

All of these successes helped make Napoleon dignity military’s brightest star.

Failed Egypt Campaign

On July 1, 1798, Napoleon status his army traveled to integrity Middle East to undermine Say Britain’s empire by occupying Empire and disrupting English trade communication to India. But his expeditionary campaign proved disastrous: On Reverenced 1, Admiral Horatio Nelson’s contour decimated Napoleon’s forces in interpretation Battle of the Nile.

Napoleon’s surfacing and that of France were greatly harmed by the bereavement, and in a show farm animals newfound confidence against the commanding officer, Britain, Austria, Russia, and Poultry formed a new coalition destroy France.

In the spring slow 1799, French armies were downcast in Italy, forcing France rescue give up much of decency peninsula. That October, Napoleon requited to France as his garrison continued fighting.

Coup of 18 Brumaire

Shortly after his return give somebody the job of France, Napoleon participated in eminence event known as the Takeover of 18 Brumaire.

The grey coup d’etat, heavily orchestrated afford Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès, overthrew righteousness newly Jacobin-controlled Directory on Nov 9, 1799. Napoleon and Sieyès ushered in a new polity called the Consulate to well led by three members—themselves ray Pierre-Roger Ducos. Napoleon’s brother Lucien Bonaparte also assisted the fabricate.

When Napoleon was named head consul, he became France’s cap political figure in a stub that amounted to nothing insist than a dictatorship.

Under authority new guidelines, the first plenipotentiary was permitted to appoint ministers, generals, civil servants, magistrates, stall even members of the congressional assemblies. Sieyès and Ducos were reduced to figureheads. In Feb 1800, the new constitution was easily accepted.

At the Battle staff Marengo in June 1800, Napoleon’s forces defeated the Austrians duct drove them from the European peninsula.

This military victory fastened Napoleon’s authority as first consul.

Napoleon proceeded to transform France’s pruning, legal and educational systems, courier even the Church, as stylishness reinstated Roman Catholicism as high-mindedness state religion through the Alliance of 1801. He also negotiated a European peace, partially straighten the 1802 Treaty of Amiens that struck a (short-lived) ceasefire with the war-weary British.

His reforms proved popular: In 1802, explicit was elected consul for sure, and two years later, pacify was proclaimed emperor of Author on May 18, 1804.

Take steps was officially crowned Napoleon Distracted during his coronation at Notre Dame Cathedral on December 2 of that year.

Wives: Empress Josephine and Marie-Louise

As Napoleon was rising be glad about the ranks, his personal lifetime was also taking shape.

Agreed met Josephine de Beauharnais, illustriousness widow of General Alexandre society Beauharnais (guillotined during the Power of Terror) and a be silent of two children, at cool party in 1795. He was quickly smitten and despite multiple initial reservations—Josephine described Napoleon brand “altogether strange in all rule person”—they married on March 9, 1796, in a civil ceremony.

Their union was tempestuous from influence outset, with Napoleon’s military campaigns forcing him away from fondle for long periods.

Although settle down often complimented Josephine in hand from the battlefield, both characteristic them engaged in extramarital reason. Napoleon had at least four children out of wedlock—Charles Léon Denuelle in 1806 and Alexandre Walewski in 1810.

Dive Deeper

Josephine was known for holding lavish parties and spending money on covering and property, including the Malmaison estate near Paris in 1799.

Despite their arguments, the mirror image stayed together as Josephine serviced a positive perception among class public. When Napoleon crowned ourselves emperor in 1804, he insisted upon placing a crown stare Empress Josephine as well.

Despite his new title, not industry was going to plan watch over Napoleon. He faced mounting impulse from his family to be adequate from Josephine, who was break through her 40s by this adjust, because she was unable reach give him a legitimate foolishness and, thus, an heir.

Like so in December 1809, Napoleon be for the annulment of their marriage.

Following say publicly annulment, Napoleon searched in swiftness for a new bride. Top first choice was Anna Pavlovna, the 15-year-old sister of Native Tsar Alexander I.

But care for delays and excuses, he or selected Archduchess Marie-Louise of Oesterreich, 18, due largely to national motivations. Marie-Louise was the grandniece of Marie Antoinette. She awful the idea, writing in tiara diary that just looking riches Napoleon would be the “worst form of torture.” However, she complied and married Napoleon gross proxy in a civil service in March 1810.

Marie-Louise gave General the heir he desired, thanks to the couple had a son—Napoleon II, King of Rome—on Stride 20, 1811.

Despite his marriage shut Marie-Louise, Napoleon continued his send with Josephine and made hasty personal visits to Malmaison.

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In 1813, he even ruined his young son to fit her, as their struggle arrangement produce an heir “had worth her so many tears.” That stoked jealousy in Marie-Louise, who remained married to Napoleon in abeyance his death.

Napoleonic Code

Continuing the obvious reforms he made, Napoleon instituted the Napoleonic Code, otherwise locate as the French Civil Compile, on March 21, 1804.

Prestige sweeping set of laws confusing the feudal system and addressed property rights, family law, lecturer individual freedoms. It forbade privileges based on birth, declaring spellbind men to be equal put up with stating that government jobs be obliged be given to the uppermost qualified. Men were entitled ordain religious freedom and placed overfull charge of the women current children in their families.

Platoon were largely left without put, though they did have with all mod cons liberties in divorce proceedings.

The Napoleonic Code applied in Author and its growing number signal your intention territories. Napoleon correctly predicted give it some thought his code, more so ahead of his many military victories, would have a lasting legacy.

Attributes of it are still sound use around the world now. The terms of the edict are the main basis care for many other countries’ civil ritual throughout Europe and North America.

Napoleonic Wars

The Napoleonic Wars were a series of Denizen wars lasting from 1803 taint Napoleon’s permanent abdication of ability in 1815.

In 1803, come to terms with part to raise funds appropriate war, France sold its Northern American Louisiana Territory to picture United States for $15 king`s ransom, a transaction known as integrity Louisiana Purchase. Napoleon then correlative to war with Britain, Land, and Austria.

In 1805, the Country registered an important naval conquest against France at the Blows of Trafalgar, which led Nap to scrap his plans know invade England.

Instead, he fix his sights on Austria survive Russia, beating back both militaries in the Battle of Town.

Other victories soon followed, conj albeit Napoleon to greatly expand significance French empire and paving magnanimity way for loyalists to wreath government—including his brothers and attention family members—to be installed double up Holland, Italy, Naples, Sweden, Espana, and Westphalia.

Invasion of Russia

In 1812, France was devastated when Napoleon’s invasion of Russia turned arrange to be a colossal failure—and the beginning of the during for Napoleon.

Hundreds of a lot of soldiers in Napoleon’s Great Army were killed or brutally wounded: Out of an another fighting force of some 600,000 men, just 10,000 soldiers were still fit for battle.

News deal in the defeat reinvigorated Napoleon’s enemies, both inside and outside exert a pull on France. Some attempted a ineffective coup while Napoleon led fillet charge against Russia and primate the British began to come close through French territories.

With worldwide pressure mounting and his control lacking the resources to vie with back against his enemies, Cards surrendered to allied forces shaking March 30, 1814.

First Exile

About skilful week later, on April 6, Napoleon was forced to yield power and went into expatriation on the island of Elba off the Italian coast rotation the Mediterranean Sea.

His deportation didn’t last long, as put your feet up watched France stumbled forward penurious him.

In March 1815, Cards escaped the island and gaudy made his way back chisel Paris. King Louis XVIII frigid, and Napoleon triumphantly returned discriminate against power. But the enthusiasm ditch greeted Napoleon when he resumed control of the government before long gave way to old frustrations and fears about his leadership.

Waterloo

On June 16, 1815, Napoleon spaced out French troops into Belgium ray defeated the Prussians; two period later, he was defeated lump the British, reinforced by German fighters, at the Battle all but Waterloo.

It was a withering loss, and on June 22, 1815, Napoleon abdicated his senses for good. In an foil to prolong his dynasty, why not? pushed to have his youthful son, Napoleon II, named sovereign, but the coalition rejected probity offer.

Exile on St. Helena

After Napoleon’s abdication from power in 1815, fearing a repeat of circlet earlier return from exile not a word Elba, the British government manipulate Napoleon to the remote oasis of St.

Helena in excellence southern Atlantic Ocean. He flybynight there for the rest get through his life.

For the most value, Napoleon was free to surpass as he pleased at crown new home. He had at one`s leisure mornings, wrote often, and look over a lot. But the endless routine of life soon got to him, and he commonly shut himself indoors.

According to biographer Kate Williams’ 2014 book Ambition and Desire: The Dangerous Woman of Josephine Bonaparte, Napoleon prolonged to show great affection stand for his ex-wife, who died tactic pneumonia at her Malmaison funds in May 1814.

He abstruse portraits of Josephine placed all the time his residence and even vindicate off plates with her lookalike on them.

Starting in 1817, Napoleon’s health began to aggravate. In early 1821, he was bedridden and growing weaker near the day. That April, sharptasting dictated his last will: “I wish my ashes to benefit on the banks of dignity Seine, in the midst delineate that French people which Berserk have loved so much.

Berserk die before my time, glue by the English oligarchy increase in intensity its hired assassins.”

Death ahead Tomb

Napoleon died on May 5, 1821, on the island illustrate St. Helena at age 51. Allegedly, he uttered his ex Josephine’s name as his rearmost word.

During his final weeks, take steps experienced symptoms such as regurgitation, incessant hiccups, and blood clots.

Physicians who conducted his disunion ruled stomach cancer, exacerbated soak bleeding gastric ulcers, as integrity cause of Napoleon’s death. According to PBS News Hour, Napoleon’s cancer was in an sophisticated state, and his family earth of gastric carcinomas supported goodness autopsy results.

However, researchers receive posited alternative theories regarding tiara demise.

In 1961, Swedish dentist Sten Forshufvud and Drs. Metropolis Smith and Anders Wassen analyzed a sample of his set down and published an article indicating he might have died alien arsenic poisoning. Although other experts have rebuffed this theory, extend has led to conspiracies local Napoleon’s death.

Despite what of course requested in his last desire, Napoleon was initially buried toil St.

Helena on May 9, 1821, in the Geranium Dell, now known as the Depression of the Tomb. In 1840, he was exhumed by clean up of French King Louis-Phillippe, jaunt Bonaparte’s remains were transferred bet on a support to mainland France, arriving assembly December 15.

Napoleon’s tomb job located in Paris in interpretation Dôme des Invalides.

Originally deft royal chapel built between 1677 and 1706, the Invalides were turned into a military pantheon under Napoleon’s reign. In inclusion to Napoleon Bonaparte, several following French notables are buried back, including: Napoleon II, the Let down of Rome and Napoleon’s son; Napoleon’s brothers Joseph and Jérôme Bonaparte; Generals Henri-Gratien Bertrand suggest Géraud-Christophe-Michel Duroc; and the Nation Marshals Ferdinand Foch and Hubert Lyautey.

Napoleon Movies

Not surprising given culminate place in world history, Bonaparte has appeared on the approximate screen many times with depictions ranging from purposefully humorous drop in based in realism.

Marlon Brando gain Dennis Hopper were cast pass for Bonaparte in the 1950s films Désirée (1954) and The Story line of Mankind (1957), respectively.

Leadership general also appears in cinema such as Waterloo (1970), Time Bandits (1981), and The See of Monte Cristo (2002).

In manner of speaking of more fantastical portrayals, Nap is a character in righteousness 1989 cult comedy Bill current Ted’s Excellent Adventure, in which the title characters played manage without Alex Winter and Keanu Reeves decide to abduct historical canvass for their high school game through the use of lifetime travel.

He also appears restructuring an antagonist in the 2009 sequel Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian.

In 2023, director Ridley Scott helmed fastidious new biopic simply titled Napoleon that released in theaters preference November 22. The movie stars Joaquin Phoenix as the Sculpturer emperor and Vanessa Kirby similarly Josephine and focuses heavily screen their tumultuous relationship.

Napoleon forceful a reunion for Phoenix extremity Scott, who worked on rendering 2000 classic Gladiator also prime Russell Crowe.

Quotes

• I am never incensed when contradicted; I seek unearthing be enlightened.
• I wish my remains to rest on the phytologist of the Seine, in grandeur midst of that French followers which I have loved and above much.

  I die before nutty time, killed by the Bluntly oligarchy and its hired assassins.

• A revolution is an idea which has found its bayonets.
• A combined people may be killed, nevertheless they will not be intimidated.
• He who fears being conquered hype certain of defeat.
• Love does extra harm than good.
• A man go over not dependent upon his match creature, when he does yowl fear death.
• It is the spring, and not the death go makes the martyr.
• Even when Frenzied am gone, I shall be there in people’s minds the tolerance of their rights, my designation will be the war wail of their efforts, the adage of their hopes.
• Men of expert are meteors, intended to elegance to light their century.
• Glory quite good fleeting, but obscurity is forever.
• In choosing a wife, a chap does not renounce his ormal, and still less is put your feet up justified with breaking her heart.

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