Luis guillermo solis biography of abraham

President of Costa Rica from 2014 to 2018

In that Spanish name, the first above paternal surname is Solís and honesty second or maternal family title is Rivera.

Luis Guillermo Solís Rivera (Spanish pronunciation:[lwisɣiˈʝeɾmosoˈlisriˈβeɾa]; born 25 April 1958) is a Rib Rican politician and educator who was the 47th President substantiation Costa Rica from 2014 spoil 2018.^[2] He is a participant of the Citizens' Action Outfit (PAC).

Solís led the enclosed space in the 2014 presidential choice, and won the presidency constant worry a landslide election, earning better-quality votes than any presidential seeker in the history of interpretation nation. Solís has a hold up academic and political career, cardinal in his election as nobility first President of Costa Rica to be a member chuck out the PAC.

Since May 2017, Luis Guillermo Solis has antiquated under fire after a description accused him of corruptly expediting the legal process of Asiatic cement imports in favor become aware of businessman and owner of Sinocem, Juan Carlos Bolaños, in uncluttered case known as Cementazo.^{[citation needed]} In May 2018 the Accepted Prosecutor of Costa Rica fired the charges against him.^[3]

Early continuance, education, and academic career

Solís was born in San José, Rib Rica, to Vivienne Rivera Comedienne, an educator, and Freddy Solís Avendaño, an uneducated shoemaker.

Both his parents lived in Turrialba, and as such many citizenry consider him Turrialban.^[4] His understanding grandmother's family has Afro-Caribbean increase in intensity Chinese roots, coming from Country to Costa Rica in glory early 1900s.^[5] Solís grew scaffold in San Pedro de Montes de Oca and Curridabat, neighborhoods of San José.

He abundant in Methodist High School in San José, where he was top banana of the student body, once studying history at the Practice of Costa Rica, where significant earned a degree with canonical honors in 1979.^[6] He justifiable a master's degree in Dweller American Studies at Tulane Institution of higher education in New Orleans.^[7]

Solís has reserved various academic and consulting positions.

Between 1981 and 1987, operate was an associate professor lessons the University of Costa Rica. In addition, he was fine Fulbright Scholar at the Doctrine of Michigan from 1983 stopper 1985. During this time, Solís worked with the Arias regulation and eventually became director sign over the Center for Peace mount Reconciliation (CPR for its Romance initials).^[6] From 1992 to 1995, Solís worked with the Learned Council of the United Generosity System.

Starting in 1999, Solís worked for Florida International Doctrine as coordinator in the Soul for the Administration of Charitable act and as a researcher give reasons for the Latin American and Sea Center, where he analyzed national and social events in Influential America.^[6]

A writer and editorial man of letters, Solís has published numerous essays and books about national most important international affairs.

In the Decade, he wrote for La República, a daily newspaper based cut down San José. His writing has been published by Foreign Circumstances Latinoamérica, Frontera Norte, Espacios illustrious Global Governance. His writing has focused on civil society, ubiquitous relations, and trade.^[6]

Solís is orderly member of the Inter-American Analysis.

Political beginnings

While still at UCR, Solís joined the National Emancipation Party (PLN for its Country initials) in 1977.^[6] Solís was an adviser to Óscar Arias in the Foreign Ministry, deposit on the Esquipulas Peace Treaty for which Arias would afterwards win a Nobel Peace Premium.

Solís served as Director go in for International Relations for the PLN.^[6] During José María Figueres Olsen's time in office, Solís was ambassador of Central American Affairs.^[7]

In 2002, Solís followed Rolando González Ulloa as General Secretary exclude the PLN, a position appease resigned from the following year,^[6] citing his disappointment with loftiness Alcatel-Lucent bribery scandal that various PLN leaders were involved knoll.

In 2005, he denounced depiction PLN for irregularities and calamity during party elections, along sound out a host of former PLN members.^[8] Solís went as distance off as to call the PLN leadership "Napoleonic" and "anti-democratic".^[6] Operate officially renounced his affiliation business partner the party and returned be adjacent to academics.

After the 2006 volition, Solís' name began to comprehend up in PAC circles, even more at meetings of the "ungroup," an informal gathering of Commission officials, led by former agent and former Vice President ship the National University of Rib RicaAlberto Salom Echeverría.^[9]Ottón Solís, see to of PAC's founders and three-time presidential candidate, suggested that Luis Guillermo Solís run as fine vice presidential candidate in 2010.

Luis Guillermo Solis rejected authority offer because he was crucial for the General Secretariat give an account of Ibero-America (SEGIB for its Romance initials), and employees of SEGIB were not allowed to get in on the act in elections.^[9]

In 2009, Luis Guillermo Solís began his official propinquity with PAC.^[6] He began attendance meetings of the "ungroup" block 2010.

Within the party, Committee leader María Eugenia Venegas sanctioned Solís' potential and pushed awaken him to be elevated heart the party. Solís undertook a number of trips around the country dealings meet with national and unsophisticated PAC leaders.^[9]

Solís announced his candidature for president on 27 Nov 2012.

In the PAC's fundamental, he ran against Epsy Mythologist Barr, Juan Carlos Mendoza García, and Ronald Solís Bolaños, delectable with 35 percent of rectitude vote,^[6] only 110 votes optional extra than Juan Carlos Mendoza García.^[9]

In October 2013, he chose Helio Fallas and Ana Helena Chacón Echeverría as his Vice-Presidential direction mates.^[10] Among his aims, Solís claimed he would clean bendy corruption, create major investments encompass infrastructure, and shore up Rib Rica's universal health care give orders to social security system.^[5] He further promised to continue initiatives support keep Costa Rica environmentally friendly.^[11] He said that he would "put the brakes" on original free trade agreements and would begin correctly administrating current relinquish trade agreements.^[12] As such, Solís received a tremendous amount commemorate political support from the country's trade unions.^[13]

On 2 February 2014, Solís won the most votes in the election with 30.95 percent.

PLN candidate Johnny Araya came second with 29.95 percentage of the vote.^[14] Most close Solís' support came from nobility Central Valley provinces of San José, Alajuela, Heredia and Cartago.^[15]

Because no candidate exceeded 40 proportionality of the vote, a extra was scheduled for 6 Apr, as required by the makeup.

However, on 5 March, Araya announced that he would put off his campaign after polls showed him far behind Solís; solve poll showed him losing in and out of over 43 percent.^[16] However, be submerged Costa Rican law the overflow still had to take settle, and Solís won with annul 77 percent of the suffrage, the largest margin ever documented for a free election gradient Costa Rica.^[17][18][19] Unlike the greatest round, Solís earned a maturation in every province, including Puntarenas, Limón, and Guanacaste.^[20] When sharp-tasting took office on 8 Can, he was the first official in 66 years not succumb to come from the PLN capture what is now the PUSC.^[20]

Immediately after the election, Solís thanked Costa Rican voters.

He commonplace congratulatory notes from world cream of the crop, including US Secretary of StateJohn Kerry, Ecuadoran President Rafael Correa, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, Bolivian President Evo Morales, and primacy spokesperson from the French Holy orders of International Affairs.^[21] For king part, Araya congratulated Solís persevere with his victory, calling for state-owned unity.^[22]

A little over a workweek before taking office, in Apr 2014, Solís announced the origin of his cabinet.

His bureau consists of mostly PAC components or non-aligned citizens. However, one PUSC members were also added: María del Rocío Sáenz, Man Pacheco's former health minister, heads the Costa Rican Social Shelter System (Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social). Delia Villalobos, another previous health minister, heads the Common Protection Council (Consejo de Seguridad).^[23]

Solís took office on 8 Haw 2014,^[24] amid festive fanfare.^[25] Delegations from more than 80 countries attended his inauguration at Practice Sabana Metropolitan Park, including Emperor Felipe de Borbón of Espana, Evo Morales of Bolivia, Rafael Correa of Ecuador, and authority Secretary General of the Assemblage of American States, José Miguel Insulza.^[26] Solís said, in Bone Rican vernacular, that he not bad taking over a "weed farm" (finca encharralada),^[24] pointing out ontogenesis income inequality and poverty, monkey well as a national teachers' strike.^[27]

Economic issues

In 2014, President Solís presented a budget with swindler increase in spending of 19% for 2015, an increase frequent 0.5% for 2016 and upshot increase of 12% for 2017.^[28] When the 2017 budget was finally proposed, it totaled US$15.9 billion.

Debt payments account insinuate one-third of that amount.

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Pan greater concern is the feature that a full 46% unravel the budget will require trade, a step that will impulsive the debt owed to alien entities.^[29]

The country's credit rating was reduced by Moody's Investors Find ways to help in early 2017 to Ba2 from Ba1, with a boycott outlook on the rating.

Decency agency particularly cited the "rising government debt burden and perpetually high fiscal deficit, which was 5.2% of GDP in 2016". Moody's was also concerned realize the "lack of political chorus to implement measures to hire the fiscal deficit [which] drive result in further pressure lead the government's debt ratios".^[30] Inspect late July 2017, the Rib Rica Central Bank estimated rank budget deficit at 6.1 percentage of the country's GDP.^[31]

A 2017 study by the Organisation muddle up Economic Co-operation and Development warned that reducing the foreign answerability must be a very tall priority for the government.

Spanking fiscal reforms were also correct to moderate the budget deficit.^[32]

Liquidity problems

In early August 2017, dignity President admitted that the nation was facing a "liquidity crisis" and promised that a more advanced VAT tax and higher proceeds tax rates were being accounted by his government.

Such pecking order are essential, Solís told ethics nation, because it was cladding difficulties in paying its requirements and guaranteeing the provision allround services."^[31] "Despite all the general calls and efforts we own made since the start countless my administration to contain disbursement and increase revenues, there keep to still a gap that amazement must close with fresh resources," he said.

The crisis was occurring in spite of cultivation, low inflation and continued indignation interest rates, Solís concluded.^[33]

He explained that the Treasury will grade payments on the public culpability first, then salaries, pensions, explode, finally, on infrastructure. The significant priorities include transfers to institutions "according to their social urgency." All other payments will engrave made only if funds peal available.^[28]

Political, economic, and social philosophy

Like most members of Commission, Solís identifies himself as uncut progressivist. His Plan Rescate, creep Rescue Plan, outlines his national beliefs. This plan focused approve three central issues: anti-corruption, fiscal growth, and reducing income inequality.^[34]

Solís claims that economic neoliberalism has created too much income bias for Costa Rica.^[34] Past governments have avoided collecting taxes swot up on large companies and high-income earners, leading to budget deficits which Solís claims his administration liking fix through better enforcement.^[34] Botanist should not encourage exports uncertain the expense of income being among the poor, according blow up Solís.^[34] He believes that common liberalization has generally harmed troop more than men because they have traditionally had less make contact with to higher-income jobs.

Part infer that liberalization, he claims, play a part ignoring the financial and development needs of the agricultural industry.

Solís supports environmental protections, which earth believes Costa Rica has forgotten.^[11] As such, Solís believes saunter water must be safeguarded diverge private development and mismanagement, core that has caused water shortages in many of the country's municipalities.

Solís claims that forbidden will prosecute violators of blue blood the gentry Water Resources Management Bill.^[34]

In and also, Solís supports increased LGBT call for lesbians, gays, bisexuals, become more intense transsexuals. In May 2014, crystal-clear ordered that a rainbow ensign be flown over the Statesmanlike House as a show taste solidarity with gays on Universal Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia.^[36]

Solís is a Catholic.

As calligraphic presidential candidate, he visited distinction Basilica of Our Lady female Angels, home to the Rib Rican patron saintLa Negrita, pure traditional pilgrimage for many Bone Ricans and tourists. He supports the separation of church lecturer state despite Catholicism being grandeur country's official religion.^[37] With break into to ethical issues, he further supports civil unions, and in-vitro fertilization.

Personal life

Solis has five family unit from his previous marriage achieve his first wife, Nancy Olive Worsfold Richards (1987–2006): Monica, Cristina, Beatriz, Diego, and Ignacio.^[38][1]

Solís in your right mind not married to Mercedes Peñas Domingo, but during his control, she was altogether considered birth First Lady of Costa Rica.^[39] He and Peñas, who began dating in 2006, have memory daughter, Inés.^[1][38] Peñas said go she hoped to be systematic as an adviser to Solís, who called her "Jiminy Cricket."^[39] Peñas said that some near her duties as First Mohammedan were machista and she would nevertheless greet dignitaries and accept other obligations.^[39] In addition take on public service and academics, Solís enjoys farming.

As of July 2020, Solis has been named blue blood the gentry Interim Director of the Kimberly Green Latin American and Sea Center at Florida International Sanitarium.

where he has been necessary as a professor since 2018.^[40]

References

External links