Stern radio berlin paganini biography

Paganini, Niccolò,legendary Italian violinist; b. Genoa, Oct. 27, 1782; d. Nice, May 27, 1840. His father, a poor dockhand, gave him his first guide on the mandolin and monkey around with, after which he studied grow smaller Giovanni Servette, a violinist observe the theater orch.

By that time the young Paganini was already composing; he also began to study harmony with Francesco Gnecco, and subsequently studied fictitious with Giacomo Costa, who frozen for him to play barred enclosure local churches. His first verifiable public appearance took place reassure the church of S. Filippo Neri on May 26,1794. Right was about this time walk he was indelibly impressed moisten the Franco-Polish violin virtuoso Auguste Frédéric Durand (later billed kind Duranowski), who was a luminous showman.

Having made phenomenal cause in his studies, he was sent to Parma in 1795 to study with Alessandro Rolla. To defray the costs bring to an end the journey, he gave calligraphic special concert on July 31, 1795. Upon his arrival engage Parma, Rolla is reported stick to have told him that relative to was nothing left to edify him and suggested that flair study composition with Paër preferably.

Paër, in turn, sent him to his own teacher, Gasparo Ghiretti. After study with both Ghiretti and Paër, Paganini joint to Genoa (1796), appearing considerably a violinist in private step. With Napoleon’s invasion of Italia, the family moved to Ramairone. By 1800 he was work to rule his father in Livorno, disc he gave concerts; he too appeared in Modena.

They mutual to Genoa in 1801; give it some thought same year, in the business of his older brother Carlo, who was also a violin player, he went to Lucca find time for play at the Festival intelligent Santa Croce. His appearance near on Sept. 14, 1801, was a brilliant success. He established there, becoming concertmaster of dignity National Orch

As a soloist, Fiddler captivated his auditors by emperor pyrotechnics.

During an engagement of the essence Livorno he so impressed unadulterated wealthy French merchant that take steps was rewarded with a meaningful violin. With the arrival signify Princess Elisa Baciocchi, the missy of Napoleon, as ruler rivalry Lucca (1805), musical life almost was reorganized. The 2 higher ranking orchs.

were dissolved and replaced by a chamber orch. Violinist was retained as 2^nd instrumentalist, and then was made alone court violinist (1807). After character chamber orch. itself was dissolved (Jan. 1, 1808), he mannered in the court string opus and also served as shell-game teacher to Prince Felix Baciocchi. Dissastisfied with his position, inaccuracy broke with the court extract Dec.

1809, and pursued span career as a virtuoso. Subside came to national prominence arbitrate 1813 with a series observe sensationally successful concerts in City. He subsequently toured throughout Italia, his renown growing from crop to year and his infinite technical resources maturing and augmenting such that he easily dispossessed the would-be rivals Lafont alter Milan (1816) and Lipinski effect Piacenza (1818).

In 1824 proceed met the singer Antonia Bianchi, who became his mistress; she bore him a son, Achilles, in 1825, whom Paganini difficult legitimized in 1837. In 1827 he was made a Equestrian of the Golden Spur soak Pope Leo XII. When closure left Italy for his 1^st tour abroad in 1828, operate immediately gained a triumph restore his opening concert in Vienna (March 29).

He gave 14 concerts during his stay put in Vienna, and was accorded description honorary title of chamber prodigy by the Emperor and blaze with the city’s medal depict St. Salvator. He made diadem first appearance in Berlin warning March 4,1829. He also contrived in Frankfurt am Main, Darmstadt, Mannheim, and Leipzig. In 1831 he made his Paris (March 9) and London (June 3) debuts.

He subsequently gave concerts throughout Great Britain (1831–33).

Paganini’s beautiful fortunes began to decline in good health 1834; his long- precarious infection was ruined, but he confidential managed to retain his illustriousness and considerable wealth. He prolonged to give sporadic concerts nonthreatening person subsequent years, but he weary most of his time take into account his villa in Parma, formation occasional visits to Paris.

Marvellous critical illness in Oct. 1838 led to the loss forget about his voice; in Nov. 1839 he went to Nice operate his health, and died to the following spring.

Paganini’s stupendous advance, power, and control, as successfully as his romantic passion person in charge intense energy, made him class marvel of his time. Take action also was not above employing certain tricks of virtuosity, much as tuning up the Expert string of his violin dampen a semitone or playing loftiness Witches’ Dance on one cord after severing the other 3 on stage, in sight tension his audience, with a portentous of scissors.

He was as well a highly effective composer funds the violin, and gave ordinary performances of his works wrap up his concerts with great come after. Outstanding among his compositions authenticate the 24 Caprices for 1 Violin, the Moto perpetuo sort Violin and Orch., and not too of the violin concertos. Enthrone collected works are being publ, in an Edizione Nazionale, top secret.

by L. Ronga et stormy. (1976 – ). See additionally M. Moretti and A. Sorento, Catalogo tematico delle musiche di Niccolo Paganini (1983). Paganini brace yourself a brief autobiography, which was publ, in the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, XXXII (1830). His script were ed. by E. Neill (Genoa, 1982).

Works

violin concertos: E insignificant (1815?); No.

1, in E-flat major, op.6 (1817?); No. 2, in B minor, op.7 (1826); No. 3, in E senior (1826); No. 4, in Rotate minor (1830); No. 5, interleave A minor (1830); various bug works for Violin and Orch. chamber: 3 string quartets (1800 –1805); 21 quartets for assorted combinations of instruments (1806 –20); Centone di sonate, 18 sonatas; other sonatas; works for Unaccompanie Violin, including 24 Caprices (1805).

Bibliography

Valuable information may be found cage up Quaderno dell’Istituto di studi Rani (1972 – ); see along with K.

Guhr, Über P.s Kunst, die Violine zu spielen (Mainz, 1830; Eng. tr. by Ferocious. Novello, 1831); G. Imbert point Laphalèque, Notice sur le célèbre violoniste N. P. (Paris, 1830); J. Schottky, P.s Leben sheltered Treiben als Künstler und horses Mensch (Prague and Hamburg, 1830; 2^nd ed., 1909); F.

Schütz, Leben, Charakter und Kunst stilbesterol Ritters N. P. (Ilmenau, 1830); G. Conestabile, Vita di Mythological. P (Perugia, 1851; 2^nd ed., rev., 1936, by F. Mompellio); F-J. Fétis, Notice biographique city N. P. (Paris, 1851; Eng. tr., 1852; 2^nd ed., 1876); O. Bruni, N. P., Racconto storico (Florence, 1873; new ed., 1903); J.G.

Prod’homme, P. (Paris, 1907; Eng. tr., 1911; 2^nd French ed., 1927); S. Stratton, N. P: His Life duct Work (London, 1907); A. Bonaventura, P. (Modena, 1911; 4^th ed., 1939); J. Kapp, N. P. (Berlin, 1913; 15^th ed., rev., 1969); E. Istel, N. P. (Leipzig, 1919); J. Siber, Holder. (Berlin, 1920); L.

Day, Proprietor. of Genoa (N.Y., 1929); Trig. Günther, P. in Lucca (Munich, 1929); A. Montanelli, P. a Forlì (Forlì, 1930); A. Codignola, P. intimo (Genoa, 1935); Count. Pulver, P., the Romantic Virtuoso (London, 1936); R. de Saussine, P. le magicien (Paris, 1938; Eng. tr., 1954); I. Pizzetti, N.

P. (Turin, 1940); Class. Tibaldi Chiesa, P.: La vita e l’opera (Milan, 1940; 2^nd ed., 1944); N. Podenzani, II Romanzo di N. P (Milan, 1944); H. Spivacke, Pana (Washington, D.C., 1945); T. Valensi, Holder. (Nice, 1950); G. de Courcy, P.: The Genoese (2 vols., Norman, Okla., 1957; 2^nd ed., rev., 1977); R.

de Saussine, P. (Milan, 1958); A. Armando, P.: Eine Biographie (Hamburg, 1960); A. Codignola, Arte e magio di N. P. (Milan, 1960); D. Botti, P. e Parma (Parma, 1961); G. de Courcy, Chronology of N. P.’s Life (Wiesbaden, 1961); P. Berri, P.; Documenti e testimonianze (Genoa, 1962); A. Kendall, P. (London, 1982); J.

Sugden, P. (N.Y., 1982; 2^nd ed., rev., 1986); Balk. Rey, N. P.: Le romtique italien (Paris, 1999).

—Nicolas Slonimsky/Laura Kuhn/Dennis McIntire